Hippopotamas

The common even-toed ungulate (Hippopotamus amphibius), or hippo, is a large, largely anthophilous craniate in Sub-Saharan Africa, and one in every of solely 2 existent species within the mammal family, the opposite being the pygmy even-toed ungulate (Choeropsis liberiensis or Hexaprotodon liberiensis). The name comes from the traditional Greek for "river horse" (ἱπποπόταμος). when the elephant and perissodactyl mammal, the common {hippopotamus|hippo|river horse|Hippopotamus amphibius|even-toed ungulate|artiodactyl|artiodactyl craniate} is that the third-largest kind of land mammal and also the heaviest existent artiodactyl. Despite their physical similitude to pigs and alternative terrestrial artiodactylous ungulates, the nearest living relatives of the Hippopotamidae area unit cetaceans (whales, porpoises, etc.) from that they diverged concerning fifty five million years agone. The common relative of whales and hippos split from alternative artiodactylous ungulates around sixty million years agone. The earliest better-known even-toed ungulate fossils, happiness to the genus Kenyapotamus in Africa, date to around sixteen million years agone.

Despite its thick form and short legs, it's capable of running thirty km/h (19 mph) over short distances. The even-toed ungulate could be a extremely aggressive and unpredictable animal and is hierarchic among the foremost dangerous animals in Africa.Even so, they're still vulnerable by environment loss and cookery for his or her meat and ivory canine teeth.

The common even-toed ungulate is semiaquatic, inhabiting rivers, lakes and angiospermous tree swamps, wherever territorial bulls command over a stretch of stream and teams of 5 to thirty females and young. throughout the day, they continue to be cool by staying within the water or mud; copy and vaginal birth each occur in water. They emerge at crepuscle to graze on grasses. whereas hippopotamuses rest close to one another within the water, grazing could be a solitary activity and hippos aren't territorial ashore.Three species of Malagasy even-toed ungulate became extinct throughout the Holocene on Madagascar, one in every of them at intervals the past one,000 years. The Malagasy hippos were smaller than the trendy even-toed ungulate, seemingly through the method of insular inherited disease.Fossil proof indicates several Malagasy hippos were afraid by humans, a probable consider their ultimate extinction.Isolated members of Malagasy even-toed ungulate could have survived in remote pockets; in 1976, villagers delineated  a living animal referred to as the kilopilopitsofy, which can are a Malagasy even-toed ungulate.

Swift

Swifts square measure the foremost aerial of birds. Larger species square measure amongst the quickest fliers within the kingdom, with the white-throated needletail having been reported  flying at up to 169 km/h (105 mph).Even the common swift will cruise at a most speed of thirty one metres per second (112 km/h; seventy mph). in an exceedingly single year the common swift will cowl a minimum of two hundred,1000 km.

Compared with typical birds, Collocalia inexpectata wings have proportionately massive wingtip bones. By dynamic  the angle between the wingtip bones and also the limb bones, they're able to alter the form and space of their wings, maximising their potency and manoeuvrability at varied speeds. Like their relatives the hummingbirds, and in contrast to alternative birds, they're able to rotate their wings from the bottom, a attribute that permits the wing to stay rigid and totally extended explanation power on each stroke and stroke.The downstrokes produces each elevate and thrust, whereas the upstrokes produces a negative thrust (drag) that's hour of the thrust generated throughout the downstrokes, however at the same time it contributes with a elevate that's conjointly hour of what's created throughout the stroke. This flight arrangement might even have edges for the bird's management and manoeuvrability within the air.

The swiftlets or cave swiftlets have developed a type of location for navigating through dark cave systems wherever they roost.One species, Aerodramus papuensis, has recently been found to use this navigation at midnight outside its cave roost too.The swifts square measure a family, Apodidae, of extremely aerial birds. they're superficially like swallows, however don't seem to be closely associated with any of the passerine species. Swifts square measure placed within the animal order, that they share with hummingbirds. The treeswifts square measure closely associated with truth swifts, however type a separate family, the Hemiprocnidae .

Resemblances between swifts and swallows square measure as a result of convergent  evolution, reflective similar life designs supported catching insects on the wing.

The cognomen, Apodidae, comes from the Greek ἄπους (ápous), which means "footless", a relation to the little, weak legs of those most aerial of birds.The tradition of depiction swifts while not feet continued  into the center Ages, as seen within the heraldic martlet.

Some species of swifts square measure among the quickest animals on the earth, with a number of the quickest measured flight speeds of any bird.

Giraffe

The Giraffa camelopardalis (Giraffa camelopardalis) is associate degree African mammal, the tallest living terrestrial animal and therefore the largest ruminant. Its species name refers to its camel-like form and its leopard-like colouring. Its chief distinctive characteristics ar its very long neck and legs, its horn-like ossicones, and its distinctive coat patterns. it's classified beneath the Giraffidae, beside its nighest surviving relative, the okapi. The 9 taxon ar distinguished by their coat patterns.

The giraffe's scattered vary extends from Chad within the north to African nation within the south, and from Niger within the west to African nation within the east. Giraffes sometimes inhabit savannahs, grasslands, and open woodlands.Giraffes ar preyed on by lions; their young are targeted by leopards, noticed hyenas, and African wild dogs. Giraffa camelopardalis ar gregarious and will furl massive aggregations. Males establish social hierarchies through "necking", that ar combat bouts wherever the neck is employed as a weapon. Dominant males gain sexual union access to females, that bear the only real responsibility for raising the young.

The Giraffa camelopardalis has intrigued varied cultures, each ancient and fashionable, for its peculiar look, and has typically been featured in paintings, books, and cartoons. it's classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as Least Concern, however has been extirpated from several components of its former vary, and 3 taxon ar classified as vulnerable. yet, giraffes ar still found in various national parks and game reserves.The long neck results from a disproportionate continuance of the cervical vertebrae, not from the addition of additional vertebrae. every neck bone is over twenty eight cm (11 in) long.They comprise 52–54 p.c of the length of the giraffe's backbone, compared with the 27–33 p.c typical of comparable massive ungulates, together with the giraffe’s nighest living relative, the okapi.This elongation mostly takes place once birth, as Giraffa camelopardalis mothers would have a tough time organic process to young with identical neck proportions as adults.

Yak

Wild yaks square measure among the biggest bovids and square measure second solely to the Asian wild ox in shoulder height. they're conjointly the biggest native animal in their vary. Wild yak adults stand regarding one.6 to 2.2 m (5.2 to 7.2 ft) tall at the shoulder and weigh 305–1,000 metric weight unit (672–2,205 lb). the pinnacle and linear unit is a pair of.5 to 3.3 m (8.2 to eleven ft), not numeration the tail of sixty to one hundred cm (24 to thirty-nine in). The females square measure regarding third the load and square measure regarding half-hour smaller in their linear dimensions when put next to bull wild yaks.Domesticated yaks square measure abundant smaller, males advisement 350 to 580 metric weight unit (770 to one,280 lb) and females 225 to 255 metric weight unit (496 to 562 lb).

Yaks square measure heavily designed animals with a large frame, durable legs, and rounded divided hooves. they're the sole wild bovids of this size with extraordinarily dense, long fur that hangs down under the belly. Wild yaks square measure typically dark, achromatic to brown, in colouration. However, domestic yaks are often quite variable in color, usually having patches of rusty brown and cream. they need tiny ears and a good forehead, with sleek horns that square measure typically dark in color. In males, the horns sweep out from the edges of the pinnacle, then curve forward; they generally vary from forty eight to ninety nine cm (19 to thirty-nine in) long. The horns of females square measure smaller, solely twenty seven to sixty four cm (11 to twenty five in) long, and have a a lot of upright form. each sexes have a brief neck with a pronounced hump over the shoulders, though this can be larger and a lot of visible in males.Yaks square measure extremely friendly in nature and might simply be trained. There has been little documented aggression from yaks towards people in general, though mothers are often extraordinarily protecting of their young and can bluff charge if they feel vulnerable.[citation needed]

The tail is long and animal instead of tufted just like the tails of kine or bovid. Wild yaks generally have black or dark brown hair over most of the body, with a gray muzzle, though some wild golden-brown people are according. Wild yaks with gold colored hair, referred to as Wild Golden Yak (Chinese: 金丝野牦牛; pinyin: jinsiyemaoniu) (Chinese: 金丝野牦牛) is taken into account associate vulnerable taxonomic category by China, with associate calculable population of one hundred seventy left within the wild. Domesticated yaks have a wider vary of coat colors, with some people being white, grey, brown, roan or varicolored. The mammary gland in females and therefore the pocket in males square measure tiny and bushy, as protection against the cold. Females have four teats.

Himalayan monal

The range monaul (Lophophorus impejanus), conjointly referred to as the Impeyan monaul, Impeyan pheasant, could be a bird within the pheasant family, family Phasianidae. it's the national bird of Asian nation, wherever it's referred to as Danphe, and state bird of Uttarakhand Republic of India, wherever it's referred to as monaul.

Traditionally, the range monaul has been classified as monophyletic. However, studies have shown that the male range monaul of northwestern Republic of India lacks the white rump of alternative range monals, and it's additional inexperienced on the breast, indicating the chance of a second race.

The scientific name commemorates woman Jewess Impey, the married woman of British people jurist of Bengal Sir Elijah Impey.It is a comparatively large-sized pheasant. The bird is concerning seventy centimeters long. The male weighs up to 2380 grams and also the feminine 2150. The male has coloured plume throughout, whereas the feminine, as in alternative pheasants, is boring in color. Notable options within the male embrace an extended, silver inexperienced crest, copper colored feathers on the rear and neck, and a distinguished white rump that's most visible once the bird is on the wing. The tail feathers of the male area unit uniformly rufous, changing into darker towards the guidelines, whereas the lower tail coverts of females area unit white, barred with black and red. the feminine contains a distinguished white patch on the throat and a white strip on the tail.In some areas, the species is vulnerable attributable to cooking and alternative phylogeny factors. during a recent study, the native population responded negatively to human disturbance involving electricity power development.The male monaul was beneath looking pressure in Himachal Pradesh, wherever the crest feather was wont to beautify wash room hats, until 1982, once looking was illegal within the state.

In Asian nation the bird is most typical within the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province however it may also be found in Kaghan, dhak depression, and Azad geographical region.The pheasant isn't thought-about vulnerable within the region and may be simply placed. In some areas, the population density of the species is as high as 5 pairs per square measure. the most threat to the species is cooking, because the crest is effective here, as well. it's thought to bring standing to its user, and could be a image of authority.

Sparrow

Sparrows area unit a family of tiny passerine birds, Passeridae. they're conjointly referred to as true sparrows, or recent World sparrows, names conjointly used for a specific genus of the family, Passer.They're distinct from each the yankee sparrows, within the family subfamily Emberizidae, and from a couple of alternative birds sharing their name, like the weaver finch of the family Estrildidae.Several species nest on buildings, and also the house and Eurasian tree sparrows especially inhabit cities in giant numbers, thus sparrows area unit among the foremost acquainted of all wild birds. they're primarily seed-eaters, tho' they conjointly consume tiny insects. Some species scavenge for food around cities and, like gulls or rock doves, can blithely eat nearly something in tiny quantities.Generally, sparrows area unit tiny, plump, brown-grey birds with short tails and short, powerful beaks. The variations between sparrow species will be delicate. Members of this family direct size from the chestnut sparrow (Passer eminibey), at 11.4 centimetres (4.5 in) and thirteen.4 grams (0.47 oz), to the parrot-billed sparrow (Passer gongonensis), at eighteen centimetres (7.1 in) and forty two grams (1.5 oz). Sparrows area unit physically almost like alternative seed-eating birds, like finches, however have a rudimentary dorsal outer primary quill and an additional bone within the tongue.This bone, the preglossale, helps stiffen the tongue once holding seeds. alternative diversifications towards ingestion seeds area unit specialised bills and elongated and specialised nutritious canals.Sparrows area unit usually social birds, with several species breeding in loose colonies and most species occurring in flocks throughout the non-breeding season. the nice sparrow is AN exception, breeding in solitary pairs and remaining solely in tiny family teams within the non-breeding season. Most sparrows kind giant roosting aggregations within the non-breeding seasons that contain solely one species (in distinction to multi-species flocks that may gather for foraging). Sites area unit chosen for canopy and embody trees, thick bushes and reed beds. The assemblages will be quite giant with up to ten,000 house sparrows counted in one roost in Egypt

Bear

Bears are classified as caniforms, or loyal carnivorans, with the pinnipeds being their nighest living relatives. though solely eight species of bears ar extant , they're widespread, showing in a very large choice of habitats throughout the hemisphere and partly within the hemisphere.

Common characteristics of recent bears embody giant bodies with fat legs, long snouts, shaggy hair, plantigrade paws with 5 nonretractable claws, and short tails. Whereas the bear is generally carnivorous, and therefore the coon bear feeds virtually entirely on bamboo, the remaining six species are all-devouring with various diets.

With the exception of prayer people and mothers with their young, bears ar usually solitary animals. they're usually diurnal, however is also active throughout the night (nocturnal) or twilight (crepuscular), significantly around humans. Bears possess a wonderful sense of smell and, despite their significant build and awkward gait, ar adept runners, climbers, and swimmers. In autumn, some bear species forage giant amounts of soured fruits, that affects their behavior.Bears use shelters, like caves and burrows, as their dens; most species occupy their dens throughout the winter for a protracted amount (up to one hundred days) of sleep almost like hibernation.

Bears are afraid since prehistoric times for his or her meat and fur. With their tremendous physical presence and attractiveness, they play a outstanding role within the arts, mythology, and different cultural aspects of assorted human societies. In nowadays, the bears' existence has been pressured through the encroachment on their habitats and therefore the black trade of bears and bear components, together with the Asian digestive fluid market. The IUCN lists six bear species as vulnerable or vulnerable, and even least concern species, like the bruin, ar in danger of extirpation in sure countries. The cooking and international trade of those most vulnerable populations ar prohibited, however still in progress.